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A technology bridge between second-generation (2G), and third generation (3G) wireless cellular technologies. Researchers developed 2.5-generation technologies as upgrades to 2G approaches, 2.5G has more bandwidth than 2G but less than 3G. 2.5G uses existing 2G spectra and doesn’t require and entirely new network infrastructure. Thus it can be implemented faster and less expensively than 3G. 2.5G approaches include high-speed circuit-switched data (HSCSD) technology, a GSM extension that offers throughput of up to 38.4 Kbits per second. 2.5G also uses iDEN, GPRS, and EDGE upgrade technologies. |
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See Also: 2G
3G
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Second-Generation wireless technology - The dominant wireless-networking technology at the time of writing this has been 2G technology, which is digital, circuit-based, and narrowband (200-KHz-wide carrier) but suitable for voice and limited data communications. Technologies used in 2G communications include TDMA, GSM, and CDMA. |
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See Also: 2.5G
3G
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Third-Generation Cellular services - At the time of this writing, vendors are just beginning to activate third-generation networks for commercial purposes. Many sources say that 3G will be the wireless-networking technology of the future, offering data rates high enough for mobile users to work with multimedia Web content, videoconferencing, and e-commerce. 3G is fast, in part, because it uses a 5-MHz-wide carrier signal, rather than the 200-KHz-wide carrier that narrowband CDMA uses. Technologies used in 3G communications include W-CDMA, CDMA2000, TD-CDMA. |
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See Also: 2G
2.5G
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A series of standards for WLAN (wireless LAN) connections. These standards currently include physical communication standards such as 802.11b and 802.11a. Other standards under the 802.11 umbrella are in development at the time of this writing.
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See Also: WLAN
LAN
Ethernet
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A Wireless LAN (WLAN) standard that is a faster, more secure successor to 802.11b. Note that this is not a typo. In this one case 802.11a comes AFTER 802.11b. 802.11a has data rates of 54 MBits per second (compared to 11 MBits per second for 802.11b). 802.11a achieves higher data rates because it uses more bandwidth of the radio spectrum. It also operates at a higher frequency. The planned successor to both 802.11a and 802.11b (at the time of this writing) is 802.11g which is currently mired in standards disagreements and may not see the light of day. If it ever gets off the ground, 802.11g will offer speeds near those of 802.11a while maintaining compatibility with, and using the same radio bandwidth as, 802.11b |
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See Also: WLAN
802.11b
802.11g
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The IEEE 802.11b specification allows for the wireless transmission of approximately 11 Mbps of raw data at distances from several dozen to several hundred feet over the 2.4 GHz unlicensed band. The distance depends on impediments, materials, and line of sight. This specification started to appear in commercial form in mid-1999, with Apple Computer's introduction of its AirPort components, manufactured in conjunction with Lucent's WaveLAN division. (The division changed its named to Orinoco and was spun off to the newly formed Agere corporation with a variety of other Lucent assets in early 2001.) 802.11b is an extension of Ethernet to wireless communication, and as such does not place restrictions on the kinds of data that pass over it. It's primarily used for TCP/IP, but can also handle other forms of networking traffic, such as AppleTalk or PC filesharing standards. PCs and Macs may communicate intercompatibly over 802.11b, using equipment from a variety of vendors. The client hardware is typically a PC card or a PCI card, although USB and other forms of 802.11b radios are also being introduced. Adapters for PDAs, such as Palm OS and PocketPC based devices are also available. Each radio may act, depending on software, as a hub or for computer-to-computer transmission, but it's much more common that a WLAN (wireless local area network) installation uses one or more access points, which are dedicated stand-alone hardware with typically more powerful antennae. The access point often includes routing, DHCP server, NAT, and other features necessary for small to large business operation. Similar to access points are residential gateways, a new class of device, which offers similar features but without the advanced management required for corporate networks or high-traffic installations. The standard is backwards compatible to earlier specifications, known as 802.11, allowing speeds of 1, 2, 5.5 and 11 Mbps on the same transmitters. The standard is succeeded by 802.11a. This is not a typo. In this one instance, a follows b. |
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See Also: Ethernet
Cat-5
TCP/IP
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| A QoS specification for 802.11 series WLANs (wireless LANs) published by IEEE. | |
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See Also: 802.11
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| A multivendor access-point roaming specification for 802.11 series WLANs (wireless LANs) published by IEEE. | |
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See Also: 802.11
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| A Wireless LAN standard (WLAN) - It is part of the 802.11 series of wireless LAN standards published by IEEE. This transport standard (802.11g) is the planned successor to both 802.11a and 802.11b and is scheduled for final approval in January-2003 If it is approved, 802.11g will offer speeds near those of 802.11a while maintaining compatibility with, and using the same radio bandwidth as, 802.11b | |
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See Also: 802.11
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| A security standard specification for 802.11 series WLANs (wireless LANs) published by IEEE. | |
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See Also: 802.11
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The official IEEE standard designation for the wireless communication standard commonly known as Bluetooth. It transmits on 2.4 GHz in the ISM band and uses a Master-slave polling algorithm to deliver up to 1 Mbps communications. The communications are typically under 10 meters. This is ok for peripheral connections and some limited connections between computers. |
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See Also: IrDA
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The IEEE working group defining the standard that uses RPR to extend Ethernet over the MAN and WAN. |
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A QoS method - A three-bit value that can be placed inside an 802.1Q frame tag. It serves much the same purpose as IP Precedence, but is done at Layer 2, so it is protocol-independent. Usually converted to IP Precedence or Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) when the packet reaches the first router. |
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See Also: QoS
Type of Service
TCP/IP
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| The IEEE designation for the LAN connection standard commonly referred to as Ethernet | |
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The official IEEE designation for a family of standards describing 10Gigabit (10 billion bits per second) Ethernet interconnections. The standard is split into 7 different interfaces (why are standards boards under so much pressure to embrace unnecessary complexity these days?). Here is the breakdown:
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See Also: Ethernet
802.3
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| Creativyst™ Glossary Terms and meanings () | © Copyright 2001, Creativyst, Inc. |