Creativyst's Glossary of Industry Related Terms

Industry Terms

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(Creativyst™ Glossary)

E1	Edit / [top]

	Similar to the North American T1, E1 is the European format for digital transmission. E1 carries signals at 2.048 Mbps (32 channels at 64Kbps), As compared to the US's T1 line, which carries signals at 1.544 Mbps (24 channels at 64Kbps). E1 and T1 lines may be interconnected for international use.
	See Also: T1

EBITDA

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Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization - sometimes refered to as operational cash flow, is an approximate measure of a company's operating cash flow based on data from the company's income statement. It is calculated by looking at earnings before the deduction of interest expenses, taxes, depreciation, and amortization.

Since it eliminates the impact of most financing and accounting decisions, EBIDTA provides a good "apples-to-apples" profitability comparison between companies or industries. For example, EBITDA as a percent of sales can be used to find companies that are the most efficient operators in an industry.

EBITDA does well at measuring profitability, but it shouldn't be used as a replacement for cash flow. Operating cash flow is a much better measure of how much cash a company is generating. For example, a company holding a growing stash of unpaid receivables could conceivably report a sterling EBITDA that hides the real story—that the company has the potentially disastrous problem of a customer base that can't pay its bills.

ECMA

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	http://www.ecma-international.org/" TARGET="_blank">European Computer Manufacturer's Association - A standards organization in Europe. Among their many official standards, the ECMAScript, which is the official moniker for the standard JavaScript language.

EDGE

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Enhanced Data GSM Environment: A wireless digital celular technology. Specifically a 2.5G GSM upgrade, designed to provide data rates up to 384 Kbits per second.

EDGE, developed initially by Ericsson and scheduled for commercial use this year, uses 3G transmission technology but works in GSM’s (2.5G) frequency range. In addition EDGE works with new modulation and radio techniques that use existing frequency more efficiently.

See Also: iDEN GPRS 2.5G

eMerge

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	an XML standard created by the insurance industry's standards body; the Association for Cooperative Operations Research and Development. The standard attempts to be a single unified XML that cuts across lines of insurance, including property and casualty, life, and reinsurance.
	See Also: ISO-15022 FPML IFX

Encryption

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	The process of converting an original plain text message into an unreadable cipyer text form; a form of scrambling a message.
	See Also: Cryptography Plain Text Cipher Text

Enterprise Resource Planning

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ERP - is an attempt to apply the rigid discipline of MRP (Manufacturing Resource Planning) to the entire enterprise and also to non-manufacturing organizations. ERP, therefore is an industry term for the broad set of activities supported by multi-module application software that help businesses manage the majority of activities that make up their business as a unified whole. These activities include product planning, parts purchasing, maintaining inventories, interacting with suppliers, providing customer service, and tracking orders. ERP promises one database, one application, and one user interface for the entire enterprise, where once disparate systems ruled. Taking information from every function it is a tool that assists employees and managers plan, monitor and control the entire business. A modern ERP (or, in the case of manufacturing, the MRP-II component) system enhances manufacturers' ability to accurately schedule production, fully utilize capacity, reduce inventory, and meet promised shipping dates.

See Also: MRP

ERP

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	See: Enterprise Resource Planning

Ethernet

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Ethernet is the most widely used hardware connection standard for LANs (local area networks). It was first developed by Xerox Corporation in cooperation with DEC and Intel in 1976. It was later refined (known at the time as Ethernet-II and then adopted as an open standard, designated 802.3 by IEEE.

Ethernet uses the CSMA/CD access method to handle collisions when multiple systems try to access the LAN simultaneously.

Ethernet currently provides bandwidths of 10mps (traditional Ethernet), 100mps (fast Ethernet), 1 gig, and 10-gigabit. Older Ethernet usually ran over a coaxial cable that nodes tapped into (bus architecture). Most new Ethernet installations consist of a star topology where each computer connects to a central hub with a single cable. This cabling is sometimes referred to as home runs. In this system Category 5 cabling is used to connect the nodes (computers) to the hub.

ETSI

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	See: European Telecommunications Standards Institute

European Telecommunications Standards Institute

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ETSI - The European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) was responsible for originally defining the complete GSM standard. This responsibility includes elements relating to SMS that are generated primarily by the SMG4 (Special Mobile Group section 4). ETSI specifications are available by contacting:
ETSI, 650 Route des Lucioles, F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France
The ETSI Internet site is http://www.etsi.org
Email secretariat@etsi.org or publications@etsi.org.
Tel: +33 492944200
Fax: +33 493654716
In 2000, the ETSI standards including those for SMS were passed to the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), http://www.3GPP.org

	Allows individual users to give callers additional information from their own phone, and enables them to transfer to another extension, an outside number, a pager, a car phone, or to other voice menus with simple number-pad commands.